Contents
It's worth noting that this works not only with Ubuntu 19.10, but also Kubuntu, Lubuntu, Ubuntu MATE, Ubuntu Budgie, etc. The Rufus 3.7 release notes also mention that the new persistent storage feature may work with other Linux distributions too, ' as long as they use a Debian-like or Ubuntu-like method, and, in the case of Ubuntu-like.
As with all wiki documentation, this page continues to be updated.
The partitioning options require additional testing.
This information will not work for iMac (11,1 or newer) users installing recent versions of Ubuntu (e.g., Maverick, Precise, Quantal..), for this you may try this guide Ubuntu 12.10 on 2011 imac. The presence of the bios-grub partition that the Ubuntu installer creates by default (e.g., sda3) causes a conflict that prevents syncing the GPT and MBR partition tables. Deleting sda3 does not help since grub2 requires that bios-grub partition, nor will it use either sda or sda4 aborting with the error: 'This GPT partition table has no BIOS boot partition; embedding won't be possible!'. So installing Ubuntu with the bios-grub partition fails and installing without it fails. See 'Single-Boot'.
Slightly adventurous Intel-based Mac ('Mactel') owners seem to often be afraid or confused about installing Ubuntu alongside OS X, but it is not very difficult. There are some oddities (see NOTE) that make installation on Mactel different from installation on a PC (but if it were the same, it wouldn't be a Mac, now would it?). Guidelines for different configurations are detailed here.
Avant browser download for mac. If your computer does not have a CD-ROM drive, such as the MacBook Air, this document may not have enough information. See the 'Install Ubuntu on MacBook from USB' guide.
In Ubuntu do not try COMPIZ, this will completely mess around Unity and make it necessary to reinstall Ubuntu. Be aware that it keeps being tricky running Linux on a Macintosh
Note on encrypted disks/partitions
This guide does not mention how to use e.g. diskutility to resize an encrypted mac partition.
You may laugh now, but when you make a mistake and wipe out your disk, you will be sorry! Time Machine comes with Leopard, and it is so easy to use that it isn’t funny, so most people have no excuse for not backing up their data. Better even, a backup to another system, external disk or cloud (e.g., Mozy) are not subject to partition configuration errors. When Bootcamp fails or you have strange faults maybe you want to clean up your harddrive. When erasing the hard drive choose 'Security Options ..' - 'Zero Out Data'.
Many users would like to make Ubuntu their only operating system. If this is what you plan to do, there are some changes that you can make to your system that will make its operation closer to that of a PC, avoiding some of the special partition considerations detailed in the other installation situations below.
Intel Macs have an EFI instead of a BIOS as in an 'IBM compatible' system. A different partition table scheme, GPT, is used on the hard drive.
You can convert your hard drive partition format with gparted on the Ubuntu LiveCD.
Avoid long EFI wait before GRUB
If your Macbook spends 30 seconds with 'white screen' before GRUB shows, try booting from your Mac OS X install disc, select language, then click Utilities->Terminal, and enter:
bless --device /dev/disk0s1 --setBoot --legacy
Assuming that the bootloader is on sda1, otherwise /dev/disk0s2 if it's on sda2, etc.
Quick Steps
Detailed How-ToInstalling rEFIt
INSTALL rEFIt! You don’t HAVE to use it once you get Ubuntu up and running, but until then, INSTALL rEFIt! You will need it after installing to sync partitions, once you have done that and Ubuntu works, then you can uninstall it. You can even burn a rEFIt CD if you prefer. If you do not see the rEFIt boot menu when starting your Mac on the second reboot (It takes two reboots to apear after using the package installer), it is not installed properly!
Partitioning
The first thing we need to do is repartition your Mac’s hard drive. Of course, we would like to do this non-destructively (without wiping out the partition you have already). With Leopard, this is quite easy as Apple has provided a nifty little tool that will shrink your OSX partition and create a Windows partition in the freed space (which we can convert to Linux partitions later). BootCamp is probably the easiest way to accomplish what you need.
Leopard’s DiskUtility can also shrink the OS X partition and add partitions in a single step. It cannot create Linux format partitions though, so if you choose this route, you should create “free space” or an “msdos” format partition, which can be modified later.
At this point, we are really just allocating the space you want for Ubuntu. The actual Linux partitions will be created later during the installation.
For pre-Leopard OS X, there are no such tools. BootCamp does not run, and DiskUtility will only allow you to create more partitions if you wipe out all the current partitions. However, the underlying commandline utility still exists.
Here's a usage example. Let’s say you want to resize your OS X partition to 200GB and leave the rest of the disk free (for Ubuntu of course). You would open a terminal and type the following, followed by the 'Return' key.
You can read more on diskutil by typing 'diskutil help' in your OS X terminal.
The Ubuntu LiveCD
You can download the Ubuntu Desktop Edition ISO from ubuntu.com. (You can choose 32-bit or 64-bit, the choice is yours. If you want to see the pros and cons, you can check out the sticky.)
NOTE: Core Duo machines (early Mactels) are 32-bit only! Core 2 Duo machines can use 32-bit or 64-bit ISOs.
An ISO is an “image” of a CD-ROM. You do not burn an ISO onto a CD like you do with pictures or music. Instead, you burn the image onto a disc. It's kind of like mixing Cool-Aid. You don't just drop the packet (ISO) into the water (disc), you must open the packet and dump the contents into the water.
ISO images can be burned with Apple's Disk Utility or other burning apps. You should burn the CD as slow as you can to increase its “bootableness”.
Boot your Mac from the CD
Put the Ubuntu LiveCD in your Mac and reboot.
When the rEFIt menu comes up You should get the option to boot from the Ubuntu CD. If you do not see this option, try pressing the Option key when your computer starts. On a Mac, the 'c' key will instruct the Mac to attempt booting off of a CD/DVD.
On the Ubuntu CD’s boot menu, select your keyboard language, then choose to 'Try Ubuntu'. This will start a LiveCD Ubuntu session, which makes no changes to your Mac.
Booting into Ubuntu this way takes many minutes, including a minutes-long period where Ubuntu appears to have locked up on the boot menu. Most likely it has not. Just wait! note I had to set the boot option to nomodeset. If you press function f6 at the boot options screen you can choose that option.Note 2: I had to press function f6 when I saw a man and keyboard.
Once booted, you have a Ubuntu desktop. Start gparted (partitioning tool) by navigating to System > Adminstration > Partition Editor.
If you previously created an “msdos” style partition used Boot Camp, you should use gparted to delete this partition. 3d simulation software mac free. It will be located after an EFI partition (hidden in OSX) and an HFS+ partition (HFS+ is OS X's filesystem). Deleting the new partition leaves “free space” on the disk for the Ubuntu install. Autodesk maya dmg. Use gparted to manually partition the space on your drive for Ubuntu. First create a SWAP area of about 1GB. Then the rest of the unallocated area format as EXT4. Apply changes and take note the label of the EXT4 partition such as /dev/sda3.
Start Installing
Back on the Ubuntu LiveCD desktop, start the Ubuntu Installer from the desktop icon. When prompted, choose to manually partition. Select the EXT4 partition and click change. Select to use the space as the EXT4 filesystem and root (/) as the mount point. You will also want to check the box to format the partition. On the last dialog of the installer, be sure to click the “Advanced” button and choose to install the boot loader (grub) to your root Ubuntu partition, for example /dev/sda3. This will be the only partition with the EXT4 file system.
When the installer is finished, reboot.
Fix the Partition Tables
There is a bug in the installer that causes a problem on Macs. FIXME: Describe problem? It can be fixed with rEFIt.
Reboot to the rEFIt menu and select the “partition tool”. rEFIt will ask if you would like to sync your partition tables. Say Yes and let it do it’s magic. (If you don't have an English keyboard, note that the keys 'Z' and 'Y' are swapped in the partition tool.) If you see the error 'GPT partition of type 'Unknown' found, will not touch this disk' instead of the 'yes' prompt, follow the instructions in comment #6 of this thread and make sure to install gptsync_0.13-10 or higher.
After it is done, SHUTDOWN your Mac (not reboot) and startup again. You should now be able to boot into Ubuntu. If you select the Linux Icon in rEFIt, and it freezes on the grey Tux logo, shutdown again and try one more time.
Most Intel macs will use the Mac OS X default GPT partitioning scheme. The MBR/PC-BIOS compatibility of Intel Macs is limited and cannot provide all the disk/BIOS management features found in a PC. This is the reason why some extra attention is needed for partitioning layouts in Intel Macs to get what you want. (The alternative msdos/MBR partitioning avoids many of these limitations, but Mac OSX support and utilities are lost, which is why it was recommended only for the single-boot section.)
Additional partitions can be created for installation of an additional OS (Linux, Windows, BSD) or shared storage. Mac OSX can be installed on an external drive, and Linux on an external is possible with the installation of a small boot partition on the HD.
If Windows is installed, rules apply to choice of partition, and this depends on Windows version (Vista or XP). Some methods used for Vista will not work for XP.
It is not intended to detail all the possible combinations here, but some general rules and examples of multi-booting partition arrangements and tools required are shown to help you choose. Some of these require extra enthusiasm, and the more complex, the more need for backup.
Triple Boot: Mac OSX, Windows, and Ubuntu
*Note, because this is likely the most popular scenario after dual-booting, it should be the first in the 'multi-booting' section and deserves a full write up.
Multi linux
* To Be Added
Mac OSX and multi Linux
* To Be added
Manual partitioning using Disk Utility GUI
For a complete new installation with partitioning requirements known, it can be easier to set out the partitions initiallly using the Mac OSX installer DVD Disk Utility GUI, then using ubuntu gparted to finish off. This screen shot shows an example (OSX 10.4), the OSX partition is p2, initially unjournalled to allow write access for ubuntu. The external drive was partitioned the same way. (This method requires careful choice of partition formats if MS Windows is involved).
The following screen shot shows the same partitoning and resizing options as seen in ubuntu desktop gparted.
Mac OSX, Vista, and UbuntuThis method won't work for XP because XP wants to be on the last MBR partition.
Partitioning Diagram
(Do not use the above method to install with XP, it will fail)
Mac OSX, XP, and UbuntuPartitioning Diagram
If XP is installed before its partition number changes, then its boot.ini will need editing to change the partition number. The alternative is to install XP after the OSX partition is split and the XP partition number has changed. This has not been tested. Changing 'boot.ini' afterwards has been tested though.
Mac OSX, Vista, XP, and Ubuntu
FIXME: add summary.
Shared storage partitons
To share your home directory between OSX and ubuntu you need to use hfsplus with journaling turned off. R/W of hfsplus is experimental on ubuntu as far as I know and ymmv I have been succesfully doing this on my G4 and now on an intel macbook pro, with some problems but no data loss so far.
problems
share that partition
/dev/sda2 /media/Mac hfsplus user,force,rw,nodev 0 0
Linux Ubuntu Download
sudo ln -s /media/Mac/Users/yourusername /home/yourusername
helpfull links
http://lajosd.blogspot.com/2010/03/configuring-ubuntu-to-mount-shared-hfs.html
http://newyork.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=179188&page=2
Installing ubuntu using wubi in vista and other complex systems
*To Be Added
Multiple Hard Drives (Mac Pro)
The basic single and dual system partitioning, tools, and installation method have been described above for a single, internal hard disk. Macs with multiple disks have the additional simple option of separate disk for each OS (with some traps such as refit being limited to gptsync the first disk). Some information on this can be found on the Mac Pro page
GRUB2 / GRUB_EFI
Some Intel macs can use the EFI version of the grub bootloader (AKA GRUB2 or grub-efi) which enables external booting similar to the Mac OSX EFI bootloader.
You have already installed Mac OSX and Windows Vista, now to install Ubuntu.
For further assistance please refer to the Ubuntu Apple Users forum.
CategoryMacCategoryInstallation
CategoryAccessories
GRUB, with entries for Ubuntu and Windows Vista, an example of dual booting
Multi-booting is the act of installing multiple operating systems on a single computer, and being able to choose which one to boot. The term dual-booting refers to the common configuration of specifically two operating systems. Multi-booting may require a custom boot loader.
Usage[edit]
Multi-booting allows more than one operating system to reside on one computer; for example, if you have a primary operating system and an alternate system that you use less frequently. Another reason for multi-booting can be to investigate or test a new operating system without switching completely. Multi-booting allows a new operating system to configure all applications needed and migrate data before removing the old operating system, if desired. A possible alternative to multi-booting is virtualization, where a hypervisor is used to host one or more virtual machines running guest operating systems. Multi-booting is also useful in situations where different software applications require different operating systems. A multi-boot configuration allows a user to use all of this software on one computer. This is often accomplished by using a boot loader such as NTLDR, LILO, or GRUB which can boot more than one operating system. Multi-booting is also used by software developers when multiple operating systems are required for development or testing purposes. Having these systems on one machine is a way to reduce hardware costs.
Technical issues[edit]Number of operating systems per volume (logical drive)[edit]![]() Ubuntu Linux Download Mac Partition Not Working Windows 10
In an OS/2 dual boot configuration, the C drive can contain both DOS and OS/2. The user issue the BOOT command[1] from the DOS or OS/2 command line to do the necessary copy, move and rename operations and then reboot to the specified system on C:. Other systems provide similar mechanisms for alternate systems on the same logical drive.
Number of operating systems per storage device[edit]
In a multi-boot computer each of the multiple operating systems can reside on its own storage device, or some storage devices might contain more than one operating system in different partitions. The boot loader in or loaded by the MBR displays a menu of logical drives and loads the selected boot loader from the PBR of that drive.
An example of a computer with one operating system per storage device is a dual-booting computer that stores Windows on one disk drive and Linux on another disk drive. In this case a multi-booting boot loader is not strictly necessary because the user can choose to enter BIOS configuration immediately after power-up and make the desired drive first in the boot-order list. However, it is more convenient to have a multi-booting boot loader on one of the drives, set BIOS once to always start booting from (i.e. load the boot loader from) that drive, and then allow the user to choose an operating system from that boot loader's menu. No special disk partitioning is necessary when each operating system has its own dedicated disk drive.
An example of a computer with multiple operating systems per storage device is a dual-booting computer that stores both Windows and Linux on the same disk drive but where the bios in the system does not let the user boot individual drives and partitions. In this case a multi-booting boot loader is necessary. Also, the disk must be partitioned to give each operating system its own partition on the disk drive. This is necessary because each system has its own set of files and operating instructions. Also, when a completely separate operating system is used partitions may need to be formatted to a different format. For example, if you intend to install Windows and Linux, the Windows partition will be most likely formatted in the NTFS format and Linux Partition will most likely be formatted in the ext4 file format as Windows can't run off of ext4 and Linux can't run on NTFS. However, for example if a user intends to dual boot two versions of Windows (i.e. Windows 7 and Windows Vista) or two versions of Linux (i.e. Linux Mint and Ubuntu Linux), the same file system (e.g. NTFS or ext4) can be used across both drives and partitions.
Partitioning[edit]
The basic concept involves partitioning a disk to accommodate each planned installation, usually including separate partitions for boot, root, data storage and backups.[citation needed]
Windows XP and 2000[edit]
Windows Vista's partitioners may not be compatible with XP and 2000 (see Logical disk manager#Compatibility problems). If you use Windows 2000 and XP, probably the safest approach (for disks under 2 TiB) is to use a CHS partition table alignment that is chosen by Windows XP/2000 (not Vista or Windows 7). If starting with a disk with nothing important on it, delete all partitions, unplug the disk or reboot, create at least one partition with Windows XP/2000 Disk Management or the XP/2000 installer, and format all FAT partitions. The alignment can be checked with Ranish Partition Manager: All partitions (including Extended Boot Record [EBR] extended partitions—type 05) should start at the beginning of a head, and end at the end of a cylinder. If nothing is shown in red (with error messages when you highlight them) you probably have a disk with a standard CHS partition table alignment. If you wish to edit the partition table with Linux, first run sfdisk with '--show-geometry' and '--show-pt-geometry'.[2] If these return the same geometry, it should be safe to use GParted, so long as it is set to round to cylinders, and you only add partitions to the end of the partition table. If you add a partition to the middle of the extended partition table, GParted will not put them in the order they are on the disk (so that hda7 will follow hda9 instead of hda6). The order can be fixed with a Linux fdisk advanced function. Most Linux partitioners that don't use parted, may not end EBR extended partitions (type 05) on the same sector as their logical drives. When GParted or parted edit these 'nonstandard' partition tables, they will 'fix' all these EBRs, so that the extended partitions end on the same sector as their logical drives. The partitioner then may show these partitions as having no 'errors'. This can also be checked using (for example) sfdisk -l -x -us /dev/hda.[2]
MBR loader[edit]
An MBR loader, such as Air-Boot, replaces the standard boot code in track 0 with code that displays a selection menu and loads the selected system. Some, e.g., Air-Boot, can be configured either automatically or by the user at boot time, rather than requiring an external configuration menu.
Linux boot loaders[edit]
Linux loaders such as GRUB and LILO, can reside in the MBR or in a PBR. They use configuration files in /boot to control their selection menus,
OS/2 Boot Manager[edit]
The OS/2 Boot Manager must be installed in a primary partition. Tho OS/2 partitioning utilities can configure up to four systems in the menu, each of which can be either in a primary partition or in a logical volume within the extended logical partition. Newer loaders such as Air-Boot, GRUB and LILO offer more flexibility.
Windows and Linux[edit]
One popular multi-boot configuration is to dual-boot Linux and Windows operating systems, each contained within its own partition. Windows does not facilitate or support multi-boot systems, other than allowing for partition-specific installations, and no choice of boot loader is offered. However, most current Linux installers accommodate dual-booting (although some knowledge of partitions is desirable). Commonly installations proceed without incident but upon restart, the boot loader will recognize only one of the two operating systems.[3]
There are some advantages to installing a Linux boot manager/loader (usually GRUB) as the primary bootloader pointed to by the master boot record. Windows operating systems will be found by properly installed Linux bootloaders, but Windows boot managers do not recognize Linux installations (nor does Windows deal natively with Linux file systems). The MBR boot code can be backed up and restored with dd, available on System Rescue CD.
It is often recommended that Windows be installed to the first primary partition. The boot loaders of both Windows and Linux identify partitions with a number derived by counting the partitions. (Note, both Windows and Linux count the partitions according to the ordering of the partitions in the partition table, which may be different from the order of the partitions on the disk.) Adding or deleting a partition at the end of a hard drive will have no effect on any partitions prior to it. However, if a partition is added or deleted at the beginning or middle of a hard drive, the numbering of subsequent partitions may change. If the number of the system partition changes, it requires boot loader reconfiguration in order for an operating system to boot and function properly.
Windows must be installed into a primary partition (and in older systems this must be the first partition). Linux can be installed into a partition in any position on the hard drive and can also be installed into logical partitions (within the extended partition). If Linux is installed into a logical partition within the extended partition, it is unaffected by changes in the primary partitions.
Neutral MBR[edit]
An alternative to storing GRUB in the MBR is keeping Windows' or other generic PC boot code in the MBR, and installing GRUB or another bootloader into a primary partition other than that of Windows, thus keeping the MBR neutral.[4] Operating system selection at boot time consequently depends on the bootloader configured within the primary partition that has the boot or 'active' flag set on its partition table entry, which could be a bootloader of DOS, OS/2, eComStation, ArcaOS[5] or BSD, in addition to Linux or Windows.
Best Partition For Ubuntu
With the boot flag set on the Windows primary, the Windows Boot Manager can be used to chainload another installed bootloader by employing usage of a program like EasyBCD.[6] This means the active partition's boot manager will first prompt the user for selection what OS to boot, then load another if necessary, such as GRUB, even a bootloader installed to a logical partition, and then GRUB will load the Linux kernel as it normally would were GRUB installed to the MBR.
The active partition could also be one that exists for no purpose other than choosing an operating system to boot, such as the Boot Manager that shipped with IBM's OS/2 Warp and its derivatives.
Apple Boot Camp[edit]
Boot Camp allows owners of Intel-based Apple Macintosh computers to install Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, and 10 on their Macs. The software comes bundled with Mac OS X since version 10.5 (Leopard). Previously the application was available in beta version as a download from Apple's website.
Boot Camp allows non-destructive disk partitioning and resizing of HFS+filesystems, boot menu options, and an option to burn a CD with necessary device drivers. Since Windows XP is incompatible with Extensible Firmware Interface (the successor to legacy BIOS), the firmware on early Intel Macs needs to be updated to support BIOS emulation first. BIOS emulation is achieved with a compatibility support module (CSM). Apple does not support non-Windows partition formats or drivers so therefore configuring other operating systems is not directly possible through Boot Camp itself. However, any operating system which can utilize the BIOS emulation of Intel Macintosh can be made to work, including non-XP versions of Windows. The Ubuntu Linux distribution is particularly popular for this purpose because they provide an option to use proprietary device drivers along with open source drivers.
See also[edit]
Ubuntu Linux Download Mac Partition Not Working MacReferences[edit]![]()
External links[edit]
Ubuntu Install Partition
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Multi-booting&oldid=982395415'
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